Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1)
What is multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)?
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare inherited disorder that causes (noncancerous) tumors to form in the endocrine glands and the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. In people with MEN1, these tumors in the multiple endocrine glands, such as the parathyroids, pancreas, or pituitary, cause them to become overactive and secrete excessive amounts of hormones into the bloodstream.What causes multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)?
MEN1 is caused by a defect in the gene MEN1 gene that carries the code for a protein called menin. Although the exact role of menin is not fully understood, the MEN1 gene is thought to be a tumor suppressor gene. This mutation may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait or spontaneously occur as a new gene mutation in the affected person.What are the symptoms of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)?
The symptoms of MEN1 vary from person to person, and they largely depend on which particular gland is involved. They may include:- Abdominal pain
- Anxiety or other mental changes or confusion
- Black, tarry stools
- Nausea and vomiting
- Sensitivity to the cold
- Loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss
- Vision problems
- Fatigue or weakness