An estimated 75-80% of women will experience a yeast infection (also known as vulvovaginal candidiasis) in their lifetime. Sometimes, these uncomfortable infections seem to manifest after sex. So is it the sperm that are causing these infections to form?
According to Caleb White in The Science Times, most experts agree that sperm does not directly lead to yeast infections. However, sexual activity as a whole can disrupt the microbial balance within the vagina. This can lead to vulvovaginal candidiasis. Let’s break it down:
- Yeast infections are fungal infections caused by an overgrowth of candida (most often candida albicans). These infections are not considered to be sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
- Candida is naturally found throughout different bodily locations, including the mouth, throat, and vagina.
- Normally, the vagina contains a balanced mix of yeast and bacteria.
- Sexual activity can cause new bacteria to enter the vagina. For example, if you have unprotected sex with someone whose skin comprises more naturally occurring yeast , this can disrupt the vaginal microbiota. Semen itself could also disrupt the delicate vaginal balance.
- However, other elements also influence whether or not you might develop a yeast infection. These include your vaginal pH levels, genetics, hormones, antibiotic use, oral contraceptive use, poorly controlled or uncontrolled diabetes, being pregnant, not eating nutritionally well, or how your immune system is functioning.
So as you can see, while sexual activity may disrupt the vaginal balance, it isn’t sperm that directly contributes to vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Additional Information on Vulvovaginal Candidiasis
If you’re experiencing vulvovaginal candidiasis, you may have symptoms such as:
- Vaginal itching, burning, or soreness
- Abnormal vaginal discharge that may be thick, white, and odorless (“cottage cheese”)
- Vaginal inflammation and discomfort
- Pain while urinating and/or during sexual intercourse
- A vaginal skin rash
- Watery vaginal discharge
- Small vulvar cuts or cracks
Typically, in mild cases, symptoms disappear after a few days. In more severe cases, it may take a week or more. Treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis usually involves oral or topical antifungal medications. Learn more about vulvovaginal candidiasis.
