Autoimmune diseases affect an estimated 400 to 600 million people globally, posing a growing challenge for healthcare systems and patients alike. Traditionally, treatment has focused on symptom management through broad immunosuppression, often falling short of delivering sustained remission. However, a new wave of innovation is emerging—one that aims to reset the immune system rather than merely suppress it.

The Shift Toward Precision Immunology

Recent advances in immunology have revealed that dysregulated B cells and long-lived plasma cells are central drivers of autoimmune pathophysiology. This insight has catalyzed the development of therapies aimed at achieving an “immune reset”—eliminating disease-driving immune cells to allow the immune system to rebuild and restore tolerance.

Among the most promising approaches are T cell engagers, a class of bispecific biologics designed to redirect T cells to target and eliminate autoreactive B cells and plasma cells. Unlike conventional therapies, T cell engagers offer the potential for durable remission by addressing the root cause of autoimmune diseases.

Cullinan Therapeutics: Leading the Charge

Cullinan Therapeutics is at the forefront of this paradigm shift, advancing two investigational T cell engager programs:

• CLN-978: A CD19-directed bispecific T cell engager designed to deplete B cells across the maturation spectrum. It is currently being studied in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren’s disease. CLN-978 is administered subcutaneously, offering flexible dosing and a more patient-friendly experience. [trial.medpath.com], [globenewswire.com]
• Velinotamig: A BCMA-targeted bispecific T cell engager licensed from Genrix Bio, aimed at eliminating long-lived plasma cells that sustain autoimmune activity. Initially tested in multiple myeloma, velinotamig is now being developed for autoimmune diseases where plasma cells play a dominant role. [fiercebiotech.com], [biopharmadive.com]

Together, these programs reflect a strategic approach to target different stages of B cell maturation, potentially expanding therapeutic reach across a broader spectrum of autoimmune conditions.

Clinical and Systemic Impact

The implications of these therapies extend beyond clinical efficacy. Subcutaneous administration and off-the-shelf availability make T cell engagers more scalable and accessible, reducing the burden on both patients and healthcare systems. With autoimmune diseases costing over $100 billion annually in the U.S. alone, such innovations could significantly alleviate economic strain. [cullinanth…eutics.com]

Looking Ahead: A New Era in Autoimmune Treatment

The promise of T cell engagers lies not only in their mechanism but in their potential to transform patient lives. By aiming for sustained remission without chronic immunosuppression, these therapies could redefine how autoimmune diseases are treated—offering hope for millions who currently manage their conditions day by day.

Cullinan Therapeutics’ commitment to patient-centered innovation, from clinical trial design to therapeutic delivery, underscores a broader movement in medicine: one that prioritizes long-term wellness and quality of life over temporary relief.