Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a spectrum of disorders that can impact decision making and make individuals unable to understand the consequences of their actions. Because of this, it is possible that they end up in the justice system. Manitoba, a province in Canada, has created a program that will help young adults within the justice system get evaluated and diagnosed with FASD in an effort to provide them with better outcomes.

About FASD

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is an umbrella term for a group of disorders that occur when a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. One of the most severe and well known forms is fetal alcohol syndrome. Essentially, the alcohol consumed by the mother is passed through the umbilical cord, which then impacts the development of the child. This results in symptoms like low body weight, poor coordination, issues with sleep and sucking as a baby, hyperactive behavior, problems with paying attention, developmental delays, issues at school, learning and intellectual disabilities, poor memory, vision and hearing issues, poor decision making skills and judgement, small head size, abnormal facial features, and problems with the kidneys, heart, and bones.

It can be very difficult to diagnose this condition, as there are no tests specific to it. Instead, doctors will look to prenatal alcohol exposure, issues with the central nervous system, abnormal facial features, and a lower than average height and/or weight. Once a diagnosis is obtained, doctors can focus on services that will help development. It is best if these services are given early in a child’s life. Medication can treat some symptoms, and doctors also suggest educational and behavioral therapy. It is best for children with FASD to grow up in a loving environment with no violence, and they should also be involved in special education programs.

About the Program

This federal program is meant for young adults in the justice system who have been unable to access the resources that allow them to be assessed and diagnosed with FASD. It is a three-year program that launches this month. Those between the ages of 18-25 will be connected with experts from the Rehabilitation Centre for Children.

Creators of this program modeled it after the existing FASD Justice Program, which is aimed at children aged 12-17. It was created in 2004 and sends those with a FASD diagnosis to special disposition court. Since its creation, it has received more than 1,400 referrals. It has shown to create better outcomes for individuals with FASD, and the hope is that this new program will do the same.

Read more about the program here.